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CatalogueNumber | FCCS025100 |
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Description | FlowCellect™PI3K/MAPKDualPathwayActivationandCancerMarkerDetectionkit |
Overview | Recentevidencesuggeststhatcross-talkbetweenthePI3KandMAPKsignalingpathwaysexist.WeusepAktandpERKantibodiestoexaminethePI3K/MAPKinteractions.Additionally,tofurtherinterrogatetheinterplaybetweenthesetwopathways,cellproliferativemarkerKi-67isusedtovalidatethefinalBIOLOGicaleffect. Millipore’sFlowCellect™PI3K/MAPKDualActivationandCancerDetectionKitisdesignedtoexaminethiscross-talkinamulti-parametricfashionbyprovidingthreefullyvalidatedandoptimizedantibodybiomarkerstomeasurespecificcellsignalingeventsinflowapplications.ThethreeantibodiesprovidedinthekitareAnti-phospho-AktAlexaFluor488conjugate,Anti-phospho-ERKR-Phycoerythrinconjugate,andAnti-Ki-67PerCPconjugate.Byutilizingallthreeantibodybiomarkerssimultaneouslyinflowapplications,wenowhavetheABIlitytothoroughlyevaluatethe“cross-talk”betweenPI3KandMAPKpathwaysandtofurtherdeterminetheconsequenceoftheirinterplayincellproliferationanddifferentiationbymeasuringtheireffectonKi-67expression. PhosphorylatedAktandphosphorylatedERKareincludedinthekittoprovidetheenduserwiththemeanstocross-examineboththePI3KandMAPKsignalingpathwayssimultaneously.IthasbeensuggestedthatthephosphorylationofAktcanresultintheinhibition,ordephosphorylation,ofphospho-RafonSer259[Jun,T.etal.(1999)].ByinactivatingRaf,thiswillessentiallyblocktheMAPKsignalingpathwayresultinginaninactivatedphospho-ERK.Insomesituations,asurfacereceptor(suchasIGF-1)willactivateboththePI3KandMAPKpathwaysleADIngtothephosphorylationofbothAktandERK.However,sincethisinteractionor“cross-talk”existbetweenthetwopathways,itiscriticaltoinvestigatetheirinteractionsinbothaspatialandtemporalmanner. Inarecentstudy,wehaveexaminedtheeffectsofIGF-1activationbytheadditionofInsulinonboththePI3KandMAPKsignalingpathwaysonHEK293cells.Wehaveperformedthisexperimentimplementingcriticaltimepointsforsignalingevaluation:activationat3minuteandat5minutetimeintervals.Theresultingresponsesindicatethatcross-talkisobserved,notedbyasharpdecreaseinERKexpression.ThistransientresponseisattributedtothephosphorylationofAkt,whichinturnwillshutoffphosphorylatedERKasnotedabove. Inordertovalidatethebiologicaleffectofphospho-proteinactivationbyagivenstimulus,cellcyclemarkerKi-67isusedsinceitisatruemeasurementofthe“proliferativefraction”.Ki-67ispresentinallphasesofthecellcycleexceptforG0.However,Ki-67canonlybedetectedinflowcytometrywhencellsaregoingthroughMphaseasKi-67expressionpatternsarepunctateinallotherphasesproducingweakersignals.Butbyusingacellcyclearrestreagent,CellCycleStop™,cellproliferationmeasuredbyKi-67expressioncanbeaccuratelydeterminedascellsarearrestedatMphaseandareclearlyvisIBLeinflowcytometryanalysis.InordertoaccuratelymeasurethecellproliferativeactivitybyKi-67expression,however,cellsmustbetreatedforatleast12hourswithacombinationofCellCycleStop™andagivencellstimulustofullyachieveenoughcirculatingcellstobecapturedinM-phase.Additionally,priortocelltreatmentsallculturesmustbeserumstarvedfor24hourstoessentiallyresetthecellcycleandbringmostcirculatingcellsbacktoG0[Littleton,RJ.etal.(1991)]. Usingmulti-parametricflowanalysis,weareabletocross-examinethesesignalingeventsandtheirbiologicalconsequencesimultaneously,providingabiologicalcorrelationbetweenpathwayactivationandcancerproliferation. |
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BackgroundInformation | Examinationofcellsignalingpathwaysandmonitoringtheiractivationstatushavebeenextremelyimportantforresearcherstounderstandthedetailedmechanismsofcellularfunctionsandthecauseofvariousdiseases.Manysignaltransductionpathwayshavebeenimplicatedtoleadtomultipleoutcomessuchasapoptosis,celldifferentiation,cellgrowthandcellproliferation,allofwhichhavebeenextensivelystudiedforthetreatmentofvariouscancersandautoimmunediseases. Thestudyofcellsignalingpathwaysarenowmadeeasierwiththeuseofactivationstatus-specificandphospho-specificantibodies.Measurementofproteinphosphorylationwithphospho-specificantibodieshasgiveninsightintokinasesignalingcascades[Krutzik,P.O.etal.(2003)].Multi-parameterphosphoflowcytometryisapowerfultoolforstudyingmultiplepathwaysinamixedcellpopulationatthesametime. Muchexcitementinthefieldofsignaltransductionhascenteredonthediscoveryofincreasingcross-talkamongsignalingpathways[Jun,T.etal.(1999)].RecentevidencehassuggestedthatcommunicationbetweenthePI3KandMAPKpathwaysexistdownstreamfromthecellsurface[Jun,T.etal.(1999),Moelling,K.etal.(2002),Zimmermann,S.etal.(1999)].Theabilityforsignalingpathwaystocross-talkaddsanextradimensionandcomplexitywhenevaluatingpathwaysofinterest.Sincesignaltransductionpathwaysareanelaboratehighwayofevents,theabilitytomonitorthesekeyintracellular“checkpoints”simultaneouslyprovidesresearchersaverypowerfultoolforanalyzingcomplicatedcelleventssuchascancercellproliferationbymeasuringtheactivityofmultiplecellsignalingpathways. Millipore’sFlowCellect™PI3K/MAPKDualPathwayActivationandCancerMarkerDetectionkitisdesignedtoallowtheresearchertocrossexamineboththePI3KandMAPKsignalingpathways,aswellascellproliferationsimultaneously.Thiskitprovidesthreedirectlyconjugatedantibodieswhichareoptimizedformulti-colorflowcytometryapplicationsforthedetectionofAktphosphorylation,ERK1/2phosphorylationandKi-67cancermarkerexpression.Ki-67hasbeenindicatedtobeareliabletumorproliferativemarkerincancercells[Ishikuro,A.etal.(1997)].ThefractionofKi-67positivecells,oftendefinedasthe“proliferativefraction”,hasprognosticvalueinmanytumors[Darzynkiewicz,Z.etal.(2001)]. Althoughtheuseofphospho-specificantibodystainingasabiomarkermaygivesomemeasureoftargetactivation,itmaynotnecessarilycorrelatewiththedesiredbiologicaleffect(e.g.growthinhibitionorapoptosis).Researcherswouldlikelybenefitfromtheinclusionofbothphospho-specificsignaltransductionmarkers(suchaspERKandpAkt)andaproliferationmarker(suchasKi-67)toallowatruemeasureoftreatmentevaluationatthelevelofthetumor[Smalley,KSMetal.(2007)]. AllFlowCellect™kitsareoptimizedonthebench-topGuava®flowcytometrysystems,whichsavesvaluabletimeandsamplevolume.Allkitscontainoptimizedfixation,permeabilization,washandflowbufferstoprovideresearcherswithacompletesolutionforsimultaneousdetectionofmultiplepathwayactivations.WiththeGuavaplatformandFlowCellect™kits,onecanfinallyhaveaneasy,reliableandfullyvalidatedsolutiontostudythecomplexcellsignalingpathwaysrightinthecomfortofyourownlab. |
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Components |
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Detectionmethod | 125IFluorescent |
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StorageConditions | 4-8°Cforantibodiesandbuffers |
BiologicalInformation | |
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Host | Mouse |
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AntibodyType | MonoclonalAntibody |
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Millipore常用产品报价单
产品名 | 货号 | 公司分类 | 商城分类 | 美金价 |
Millipore/475855-1R神奇滤布 密理博Millipore现货促销 | 475855-1R | Life Science Research | 膜 | 93.50 | Millipore/17-701/EZ-Magna RIP™ RNA-Binding Protein Immunoprecipitation Kit | 17-701 | Life Science Research | 定量试剂盒 | 653.00 | Millipore/RIPAb+ Ago2 - RIP Validated Antibody and Primer Set | 03-110 | Life Science Research | 抗体套装 | 433.00 | Millipore/CBL468F | Anti-PECAM-1 Antibody, clone HC1/6, FITC conjugated/CBL468F/100 assays | CBL468F | Antibodies and Assays | 功能性抗体 | 298.00 | Millipore/ECM460 | αVβ3/PECAM Investigator Kit/ECM460/1 kit | ECM460 | Antibodies and Assays | 夹心法ELISA | 477.00 |